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Batteries are either primary or
secondary. Primary batteries can be used only once
because the chemical reactions that supply the electrical
current are irreversible. Secondary (or storage) batteries
can be used, charged, and reused. In these batteries, the
chemical reactions that supply electrical current are
readily reversed so that the battery is charged.
Primary batteries are common since they are
cheap and easy to use. Familiar primary battery uses are in
flashlights, watches, toys, and radios. The most common use
for secondary (storage) batteries is for starting, lighting,
and ignition (SLI) in automobiles and engine-generator sets.
Other applications include uninterruptible power supplies (UPSs)
for emergency and backup power, electric vehicles
(traction), telecommunications, and portable tools.
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