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Hydraulic and Pneumatic Knowledge
Fluid Power Equipment
Illustrated below, shows a variation on the
series-connected type. Oil from the pump is routed through
the control valves in series, as well as in parallel. The
valves are sometimes stacked to allow for extra passages. In
neutral, a liquid passes through the valves in series, as the
arrows indicate. However, when any valve is operating, the
return is closed and the oil is available to all the valves
through the parallel connection. When two or more valves are
operated at once, the cylinder that needs the least pressure
will operate first, then the cylinder with the next least,
and so on. This ability to operate two or more valves
simultaneously is an advantage over the series connection.
Open-center system with a series/parallel
connection
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