Synthetic Oils Categories

Several major categories of synthetic lubricants are available including:

(a) Synthesized hydrocarbons. Polyalphaolefins and dialkylated benzenes are the most common types.

These lubricants provide performance characteristics closest to mineral oils and are compatible with them.

Applications include engine and turbine oils, hydraulic fluids, gear and bearing oils, and compressor oils.

(b) Organic esters. Diabasic acid and polyol esters are the most common types. The properties of these oils are easily enhanced through additives. Applications include crankcase oils and compressor lubricants.

(c) Phosphate esters. These oils are suited for fire-resistance applications.

(d) Polyglycols. Applications include gears, bearings, and compressors for hydrocarbon gases.

(e) Silicones. These oils are chemically inert, nontoxic, fire-resistant, and water repellant. They also have low pour points and volatility, good low-temperature fluidity, and good oxidation and thermal stability at high temperatures.

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