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Water-in-oil: The water content of
water-in-oil fluids may be approximately 40 percent. These
fluids consist of very small water droplets dispersed in a
continuous oil phase. The oil phase provides good to
excellent lubricity while the water content provides the
desired level of fire-resistance and enhances the fluid
cooling capability. Emulsifiers are added to improve
stability. Additives are included to minimize rust and to
improve lubricity as necessary. These fluids are compatible
with most seals and metals common to hydraulic fluid
applications. The operating temperature of water-in-oil
fluids must be kept low to prevent evaporation and
oxidation. The proportion of oil and water must be monitored
to ensure that the proper viscosity is maintained especially
when adding water or concentrated solutions to the fluid to
make up for evaporation. To prevent phase separation, the
fluid should be protected from repeated cycles of freezing
and thawing.
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