Gun drilling utilizes special machinery that was originally developed to manufacture gun barrels. Typically, gun drilling utilizes a single flute drill, normally carbide tipped, with a hole bored through the center of the drill length. Coolant (oil) is forced through the hollow drill at high pressure to provide cooling, lubrication and help clear chips from the drilled hole. The drill is guided by a bushing, however may drift once the material is penetrated. Either the drill or the part is rotated, typically gun drilling machines rotate the part.

Gun reaming (boring) is similar to gun drilling, except a fluted reamer/cutter is guided by a bushing into the hole feature.

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