Strength
/ Mechanics
of Materials Table of Content
Where ductility is the ability of a material
to deform easily upon
the application of a tensile force,
malleability is
the ability of a metal to exhibit
large deformation or plastic response when being
subjected to compressive force. Uniform compressive
force causes deformation in the manner
shown in Figure 7. The material contracts axially
with the force and expands laterally. Restraint due to
friction at the contact faces induces axial
tension on the outside. Tensile forces operate around the
circumference with the lateral expansion
or increasing girth. Plastic flow at the center of the
material also induces tension.
Therefore, the criterion of fracture (that
is, the limit of plastic deformation) for a plastic material
is likely to depend on tensile
rather than compressive stress. Temperature change may modify
both the plastic flow mode and
the fracture mode.
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