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This equation will determine (estimate) the Spring Rate (k) of a compression spring.  Spring rate is best determined by test and measurement techniques.

Open Compression Spring Constant (k) Calculator
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Equation:

k = Gd⁴/[8nD³]

Where:

k = constant, pounds of load per inch of deflection

G = modulus of rigidity of spring material, pounds per square inch

d = wire diameter, inches

n = number of active coils, which is the number of coils subjected to flexure (always less than the total number of coils)

D = mean coil diameter, inches = Outer Diameter - Wire Diameter

Compression Spring Design Suggestions

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