| Battery Applications & Technology
There are numerous applications for the use
of lead-acid storage batteries. They range from the
extremely large battery systems used in load leveling by
electrical utility companies to the relatively small
batteries used in hand tools. Batteries may need to undergo
deep and frequent cycling such as those used for electric
vehicle power or they may remain on "float" as in
an emergency lighting application and only rarely be
discharged. Clearly, these applications cannot all use the
same battery. Restraints on parameters such as operating
temperature, desired capacity, voltage and power
requirements, etc., affect the type of battery chosen.
All the above considerations are taken into
account by determining the battery's duty cycle. The
duty cycle is the required operating parameters of a cell or
battery including factors such as charge and discharge
rates, depth of discharge, cycle length, and length of time
in the standby mode. The duty cycle must be known and
included in the battery design engineering specification.
The duty cycle and battery chosen will also determine the
type of charger used.
The major categories of lead-acid battery
applications are starting, lighting, and ignition (SLI);
industrial, including traction and stationary applications;
and small portable equipment.
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