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Power transmission: The primary purpose
of any hydraulic fluid is to transmit power mechanically
throughout a hydraulic power system. To ensure stable
operation of components, such as servos, the fluid must flow
easily and must be incompressible.
Lubrication: Hydraulic fluids must
provide the lubricating characteristics and qualities
necessary to protect all hydraulic system components against
friction and wear, rust, oxidation, corrosion, and
demulsibility. These protective qualities are usually
provided through the use of additives.
Sealing: Many hydraulic system
components, such as control valves, operate with tight
clearances where seals are not provided. In these
applications hydraulic fluids must provide the seal between
the lowpressure and high-pressure side of valve ports. The
amount of leakage will depend on the closeness or the
tolerances between adjacent surfaces and the fluid
viscosity.
Cooling: The circulating hydraulic fluid
must be capable of removing heat generated throughout the
system.
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