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Residuum distillation: The second-stage
process involves distilling the portion of the first-stage
that did not volatilize. Lubricating oils are obtained from
this portion, which is referred to as the residuum. To
prevent formation of undesired products, the residuum is
distilled under vacuum so it will boil at a lower
temperature. Distillation of the residuum produces oils of
several boiling point ranges. The higher the boiling point,
the higher the carbon content of the oil molecules in a
given range. More importantly, viscosity also varies with
the boiling point and the number of carbon atoms in the oil
molecules.
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