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Principles of Electric Circuits

Electronics, Instrumentation Design and Engineering

Principles of Electric Circuits
965 Pages

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Principles of Electric Circuits
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A complete and straightforward coverage of the basics of electrical components and circuits. Fundamental circuit laws and analysis methods are explained and applied in a variety of basic circuits.

TOC

Chapter 1
Quantities and Units
Units of Measurement
ScientificNotation
Engineering Notationand Metric Prefixes
Metric Unit Conversions

Chapter 2
Voltage,Current,and Resistance
Atomic Structure
Electrical Charge
Voltage, Current, and Resistance
Voltage and Current Sources
Resistors
The Electric Circuit
Basic Circuit Measurements
Electrical Safety
Circuit Application

Chapter 3
Ohm's Law
The Relationship of Current, Voltage, and Resistance
Calculating Current
Calculating Voltage
Calculating Resistance
Introduction to Troubleshooting
A Circuit Application

Chapter 4
Energy and Power
Power in an Electric Circuit
Resistor Power Ratings
Energy Conversion and Voltage Drop in
Resistance
Power Supplies
A Circuit Application

Chapter 5
Resistors in Series 118
Current in a Series Circuit 1 20
Total Series Resistance 122
Application of Ohm's Law 126
Voltage Sources in Series 130
Kirchhoff's Voltage Law 133
Voltage Dividers 137
Power in Series Circuits 144
Voltage Measurements 146
Troubleshooting 1 50
A Circuit Application 155

Chpater 6
Parallel Circuits 172
Resistors in Parallel 173
Voltage in a Parallel Circuit 176
Kirchhoff's Current Law 1 78
Total Parallel Resistance 182
Application of Ohm's Law 1 88
Current Sources in Parallel 192
Current Dividers 193
Power in Parallel Circuits 1 97
Parallel Circuit Applications 199
Troubleshooting 204
A Circuit Application 208

Chapter 7
Series-Parallel Circuits 226
Identifying Series-Parallel Relationships 227
Analysis of Series-Parallel Resistive Circuits 232
Voltage Dividers with Resistive Loads 240
Loading Effect of a Voltmeter 245
Ladder Networks 247
The Wheatstone Bridge 253
Troubleshooting 258
A Circuit Application 262

Chapter 8
Circuit Theorems and Conversions 280
The DC Voltage Source 28
The Current Source 283
Source Conversions 285
The Superposition Theorem 288
Thevenin's Theorem 295
Norton's Theorem 306
Maximum Power Transfer Theorem 310
Delta-to-Wye (A-toY) and Wye-to-Delta (Y-to-A)
Conversions 313
A Circuit Application 319

Chapter 9

Simultaneous Equations in Circuit Analysis 335
Branch Current Method 344
Loop Current Method 347
Node Voltage Method 353
A Circuit Application 360

Chapter 10

The Magnetic Field 37
Electromagnetism 375
Electromagnetic Devices 381
Magnetic Hysteresis 388
Electromagnetic Induction 390
Applications of Electromagnetic Induction 394
A Circuit Application

Chapter 11
Introduction to Alternating Current and Voltage 406
The Sinusoidal Waveform 407
Sinusoidal Voltage Sources 412
Sinusoidal Voltage and Current Values 415
Angular Measurement of a Sine Wave 419
The Sine Wave Formula 423
Introduction to Phasors 425
Analysis of AC Circuits 43
Superimposed DC and AC Voltages 434
Nonsinusoidal Waveforms 436
The Oscilloscope 443

Chapter 12

The Basic Capacitor 467
Types of Capacitors 474
Series Capacitors 480
Parallel Capacitors 484
Capacitors in DC Circuits 486
Capacitors in AC Circuits 496
Capacitor Applications 502
Switched-Capacitor Cbcuits 507

Chapter 13
Inductors 525
The Basic Inductor 526
Types of Inductors 532
Series and Parallel Inductors 533
Inductors in DC Circuits 535
Inductors in AC Circuits 545
Inductor Applications 550

Chapter 14

Mutual Inductance 564
The Basic Tmnsformer 565
Step-Up and Step-down Transformers 569
Loading the Secondary Winding 572
Reflected Load 574
Impedance Matching 576
Nonideal Transformer Characteristics 579
Tapped and Multiple-Winding Transformers
Troubleshooting 587

Chapter 15
RC Circuits
Part 1 : Series Circuits
With an Introduction to
Complex Numbers 601
The Complex Number System 601
Sinusoidal Response of Series RC Circuits 610
Impedance of Series RC Circuits 611
Analysis of Series RC Circuits 614
Part 2: Parallel Circuits 626
Impedance and Admittance of Parallel
RC Circuits 626 i
Analysis of Parallel RC Circuits 629
Part 3: Series-Parallel Circuits 635
Analysis of Series-Parallel RC Circuits 635
Part 4: Special Topics 642
Power in RC Circuits 642
Basic Applications 646
Troubleshooting 653

Chapter 16
RL Circuits 677
Part 1 : Series Circuits 678
Sinusoidal Response of RL Circuits 678
Impedance of Series RL Circuits 679
Analysis of Series RL Circuits 681
Part 2: Parallel Circuits 691
Impedance and Admittance of Parallel RL Circuits 691
Analysis of Parallel RL Circuits 694
Part 3: Series-Parallel Circuits 698
Analysis of Series-Parallel RL Circuits 698
Part 4: Special Topics 702
Power in RL Circuits 702
Basic Applications 705
Troubleshooting 709

Chapter 17
RLC Circuits and Resonance 726
Part 1 : Series Circuits 727
Impedance of Series RLC Circuits 727
Analysis of Series RLC Circuits 729
Series Resonance 733
Part 2: Parallel Circuits 740
Impedance of Parallel RLC Circuits 740
Analysis of Parallel RLC Circuits 742
Parallel Resonance 745
Part 3: Series-Parallel RLC Circuits 749
Analysis of Series-Parallel RLC Circuits 749
Part 4: Special Topics 757
Bandwidth of Resonant Circuits 757
Applications 761

Chapter 18
Passive Filters 778
Low-Pass Filters 779
High-Pass Filters 786
Band-Pass Filters 790
Band-Stop Filters 795

Chapter 19
Circuit Theorems in AC Analysis 809
The Superposition Theorem 810
Thevenin's Theorem 815
Norton's Theorem 825
Maximum Power Transfer Theorem 829

Chapter 20
Time Response of Reactive Circuits 842
The RC Integrator 843
Response of an RC Integrator to a Single Pulse 844
Response of RC Integrators to Repetitive
Response of an RC Differentiator to a Single Pulse 854
Response of RC Differentiators to Repetitive Pulses 859
Response of RL Integrators to Pulse Inputs 861
Response of RL Differentiators to Pulse Inputs 866
Relationship of Time Response to Frequency Response 870

Chapter 21
Three-Phase Systems in Power
Applications 887
Introduction to Three-Phase Machines 888
Generators in Power Applications 889
Types of Three-Phase Generators 893
Three-Phase Source/Load Analysis 899
Three-Phase Power